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1. vacuum command is not working with days. Instead it's retain clause is asking explicitly to supply values in hours. I tried many times, and it is throwing parse syntax error (why ???).

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Can you please point us out to where it is mentioned that vacuum accepts "days" as a parameter? We may need to have that specific document updated. This is what I was able to find:

https://docs.databricks.com/en/sql/language-manual/delta-vacuum.html#parameters

So, your table history is not deleted by vacuum command is CDF is enabled.

To summarize Saurabh's comment, the VACUUM command can still run on a table with CDF enabled, but it will respect the CDF retention period. Files that are within the CDF retention period will not be deleted by VACUUM, ensuring that change data remains available for processing. To avoid conflicts, verify that the VACUUM retention period is greater than or equal to the CDF retention period. Adjust the CDF retention period if necessary using the delta.changeDataFeed.retentionDuration property.