From the documentation, it seems that in Python, there is such an option, only when creating or replacing a table.

# To set clustering columns and auto, which serves as a way to give a hint
# for the initial selection.
df.writeTo(...).using("delta")
  .clusterBy("clusteringColumn1", "clusteringColumn2")
  .option(“clusterByAuto”, “true”)
  .create()