Added the database parameter:

df_sap_hana_table = (spark.read
 .format("jdbc")
 .option("driver", "com.sap.db.jdbc.Driver")
 .option("url", f'jdbc:sap://{jdbcHostname}:{jdbcPort}/?databaseName={jdbcDatabase}')
 .option("query", "SELECT 1 FROM DUMMY")
 .option("user", jdbcUsername)
 .option("password", jdbcPassword)
 .load()
)

Still getting the timeout error:

Py4JJavaError: An error occurred while calling o1100.load.
: com.sap.db.jdbc.exceptions.JDBCDriverException: SAP DBTech JDBC: Cannot connect to jdbc:sap://[REDACTED]:30013/ [Cannot connect to host 172.XY.ZKL.MN:30041 [Connection timed out], -813.].