@Retired_mod Thank you for your detailed response! I think we would like to use Docker if we can because we are not using RStudio but R directly in the databricks notebooks and workflows. So, anymore information about R and Docker and Databricks would also be useful. Currently, this docker code builds successfully and is archived successfully but is not deploying on Datatbricks. 

# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1.2

# Stage 1: Build R environment with Rocker
FROM --platform=linux/amd64 rocker/r-base:latest AS rbuilder

# Install required R packages in the Rocker image
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    r-cran-dplyr \
    r-cran-ggplot2 \
    r-cran-tidyr \
    && apt-get clean \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Stage 2: Use Databricks image and copy R installation from Rocker
FROM --platform=linux/amd64 databricksruntime/standard:latest

# Copy R binaries and libraries from the Rocker image
COPY --from=rbuilder /usr/lib/R /usr/lib/R
COPY --from=rbuilder /usr/share/R /usr/share/R
COPY --from=rbuilder /etc/R /etc/R
COPY --from=rbuilder /usr/bin/R /usr/bin/R
COPY --from=rbuilder /usr/bin/Rscript /usr/bin/Rscript

# Ensure the R library paths are correctly set
ENV R_HOME=/usr/lib/R
ENV PATH=$PATH:/usr/lib/R/bin

# Copy R packages from the previous stage
COPY --from=rbuilder /usr/lib/R/site-library /usr/local/lib/R/site-library
COPY --from=rbuilder /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/

I have solved my dependency problem with the following code in my notebook, but I am a bit confused why it works because the PROJ_LIB has to be set to /usr/share/proj and then reset in the install of sf and prism to /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu and then the repo for sf has to be https://cran.r-project.org but could be https://packagemanager.rstudio.com/cran/__linux__/focal/latest for prism. I would like to use the second repo as much as possible to install R packages because it is much faster than CRAN. 

%r
system('sudo apt-get -y update && apt-get install -y  libudunits2-dev libgdal-dev libgeos-dev libproj-dev')

%sh
ldconfig -p | grep gdal
ldconfig -p | grep geos
ldconfig -p | grep proj

%r
options(HTTPUserAgent = sprintf(
  "R/%s R (%s)", 
  getRversion(), 
  paste(
    getRversion(), 
    R.version["platform"], 
    R.version["arch"], 
    R.version["os"]
  )
))

Sys.setenv(PROJ_LIB = "/usr/share/proj")

install.packages('units', lib='/databricks/spark/R/lib/',
  repos="https://cran.r-project.org")
install.packages('sf', 
  configure.args = "--with-proj-lib=/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --with-proj-include=/usr/include",
  lib='/databricks/spark/R/lib/',
  repos="https://cran.r-project.org"
)

library(sf, lib.loc='/databricks/spark/R/lib/')
install.packages('prism', 
  configure.args = "--with-proj-lib=/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --with-proj-include=/usr/include",
  lib='/databricks/spark/R/lib/',
  repos = c(CRAN = "https://packagemanager.rstudio.com/cran/__linux__/focal/latest")
)
library(prism, lib.loc='/databricks/spark/R/lib/')

Anyway! Thank you again for answering.