I assume by "microsoft sql" you mean Microsoft's Transact SQL (or T-SQL) language, not Microsoft SQL Server?
Databricks SQL and T-SQL are both based on ANSI SQL with some platform-specific language extensions. This means most of the basics of SQL are the same--SELECT, WHERE, JOIN, etc. However, there are syntax differences, for example in T-SQL we would write "select top 100 * from ..." where in DB-SQL we'd write "select * from ... limit 100". A comprehensive list of differences is well beyond the scope of a forum post, but the DB-SQL language reference is at SQL language reference - Azure Databricks - Databricks SQL | Microsoft Learn. The languages are similar enough, and Databricks Assistant is really good, so just write a DB-SQL query like you would a T-SQL query. It might work, and if not, the Assistant will help you fix it.
In addition to querying data, DB-SQL is also used to manage the platform and perform administrative functions, and all of those commands are specific to Databricks.
Databricks provides Spark SQL because Databricks compute is built on Spark.