The Delta table format is indeed open, which is one of its key benefits. However, the same cannot be said for vector indexes. The specifications for vector indexes are not openly available in the same way as Delta tables.
Regarding the creation and management of vector indexes, it is currently possible to do so using the Databricks UI, the Python SDK, and the REST API. The documentation does not mention the ability to create and manage vector indexes directly using Spark DataFrame operations.
For more detailed information on creating and managing vector indexes, you can refer to the following resources:
These resources provide comprehensive guidance on using the UI, Python SDK, and REST API for vector index operations.